Method of making brushes.



D. S. RiNG.

METHOD OF MAKING BRUSHES. APPLICATIGN FILED DEc.19, i912.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

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Patented Oct. 23, Ql'TL 1j/ji D. S. RING.

METHOD 0F MAKING BRUSHES. APPLICATION FILED Dec. I9, |912. 1,244,132, Patented OCI. 23,1917.

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WICUESSEEI:

/.//IIIIIIII 5/ 'A ff? Clamp 19 is adjusted by the abutment screw 2l until its socket is in the proper' alineinent with the guide l5, and then theclamp 2G is closed against it bv the lever 25 and cam 24. No great amount of pressure vneed be exerted by this clamp more than enough simply to grip the'ferrule 3l firmly and preventl its displacement in the further steps of the process. The bristles are then held at their butt ends only by the tei-rule and project upwardly therefrom as shown in Fig. 3.

The next step is to open a passage in the interior of the mass of bristles and insert a guide therein. T he guide is a tube 33 which is adapted to slide endwise through the head 11i and the bushing 15. For convenience oit manipulation, as will be later explained, this tube is not continuous but is made in two parts connected by an open frame 34- as shown in F ig. 1. Inside of the guide tube 33 is a plunger 35, which may be solid or tubular as desired, provided only it has a socket in its lower end of sufficient size to receive the shank of a spreader 35. Such spreader is 1preferably made as a comparatively blunt cone, adapted to tit slidingly in the guide tube 33 and having a shank 3'? which projects into the end socket of the plunger 35 and is secured in any suitable way, as by a bayonet joint fastening pro vided by a pin 38 on the shank entering an angle slot 39 inthe plunger. The plunger and guide tube are lowered together from the position shown in F ig. 3 to approximately that shown in Fig. 4i, the conical spreader opening a passage througl'i the bristles and the guide tube following through the passage. Preferably the end ot the guide tube is beveled as shown at .i-O in Fig. 3 so as to make a continuation of the conical surface of the spreader and avoid any abr` rupt shoulder which might catch the ends of some of the bristles and bend them. lli/*hen the spreader and` guide tube have advanced as J.tar as they can under moderate pressure, a clamp or binder is applied out side of the bristles. Such clamp consists oit jaws il pivoted together either directly7 or by links L12, 43. The jaws and links are re cessed so as collectively to tit around the mass ot bristles as shown best in Fig. 2. 'll` he outer faces of the jaws are divergent from their ends inwardly and are engaged by a strap 4:4 which is forced over them until they bind the bristles tightly against the tube 33. Preferably the clamp is ot such width as to embrace thebristles tl'iroughout nearly their entire length as shown in Figs. 4. 5, 6, and Y. The particular construction ot the clamp is not an essential element of the invention, provided only it is so made as to bind the bristles with approximately uuiform force about all sides of the guide tube.

The plunger with the spreader is then withdrawn, leaving the guide tube held .interes rmly in place by the clamp in the midst of the bunch ot' bristles.

.The spreader point is now removed from the plunger and a sharper pointes instrument elo, which 'l may call the packing instrument is substituted. substitution the open i'raine 3st is ot service, because it gives the operator access to the plunger end without requiring the plunger to be entirely withdrawn, from the upper end of the guide tube. rl`hat is, in order to make this substitution it is necessary to litt the plunger through a. distance not much greater than the length oitl the brush. rl`he packing instrument has a shank which inthe end socket of the plunger and is secured trictionally, or it necessary positively, by any means such as that for holding the spreader. The packing instrument also has a portion i6 of greater diameter than the shank boundet at one end by a shoulder il? which abuts on the end of the plunger and at the other end by a larger shoulder 48. This portion 46 is adapted to receive an inner ierrule or binder 49 which has substantially the same axial extent as the outer terrule 3l and is ot such diameter that it may pass through the guide tube 33. The binding terrule i9 is first slipped on the packing tool and then the shank of the latter is inserted in the plunger. moved underthe of the press, and the latter comes against the upper end of the plunger. Before actuating)` the ram, however, the slide 29 is drawn out until the apen ture 30 therein comes under the brush. pressure is exerted by the ram and the nely tapered spreader. is forced down through the guide tube and through the bottom oi the brush until the inner ferrule is in the zone ot the outer ferrule as shown in Fig. 6. rl`he pressure is then relieved, the sharp pointed packer withdrawn through the bottom of the press, the clamp il released and the guide tube 33 retracted. rl`he essential part ot my process is now complete, as the bristies are now attached to a holder which is ca pable oi being applied to any sort of a brush handle or back. When the inner or binding terrule has beenbrought into the position shown in Figs. 6 and 7, it is so firmly bound there by the pressure ot the compacted annular layer ot bristles, that it cannot be relmoved except with the greatest difficulty.

As the bristles, when loosely filling the outer terrule'are quite closely packed,'it isevident tles are bound in place by the two terrules Now' 7o ln making this Then the deviceis v and the inner ferrule is secured by the outer ferrule and the mass of bristles. These parts now make a unitary structure which will not fall apart, but is firmly united, and in which the bristles are so iirmly held that when pulled upon they will break before they will come out from the ferrules. These ferrules may. be placed in an annular thimble 50, as shown in F ig. 8, which is set into a shell 51 forming the handle of. a magazine shaving brush or of any other kind of brush, or they may otherwise be connected with a brush handle or back.

A. mode of further treating the brush unit, which term use to designate the unit composed of the ferrules or bands and the bristles, is shown in Fig. 9. Here the unit is placed on the bed 52 of another press and a guide rod 53 is passed through the unit to open the channel in the Vmidst of the bristles. A. plug 5a somewhat tapered on its exterior is placed on the end of the guide rod, and a plunger 56 is actuated by severe pressure to force the plug into the inner ferrule, the guide rod at this time withdrawing as fast as the plug 1s advanced. rlhe guide rod has a teat 57 which enters a passage through the plug and centers the latter.l As the larger end of the plug is somewhat greater than the internal diameter of the ferrule, it crowds the latter outward, reinforces it and strengthens the bind upon the bristles. It

also provides a means by which the brush unit may be attached to a handle or back, for its central passage allows a screwfor other fastening 58 to be passed through into a handle.

1t is to be particularly noted that my improved method results in a brush wherein the bristles are held by friction between two echanical binding or retaining elements, and not by any other means or agent. In particular i desire to state that l do not employ rosin, glue or any gum or adhesive to secure the bristles. l also wish it noted that I do not require the agency of heat, which must be employed where bristles are set in vulcanized rubber, and which frequently injures the bristles. On the contrary in my brush the bristles are secured without any heating above the temperature of the work place andare therefore not injurcd in the least. There is practically no limit to the amount of pressure which may be employed by the means of guide shown in gripping the bristles, because the press and holder may be made strong enough to withstand any concentrated pressure. At the same time the pressure employed does not injure the bristles or weaken them at all,

but simply holds them more rmly in proportion to its force. The inner and outer bands or ferrules are both continuous and endless and grip the bristles with substani l tially equal force at all points, and, owing mass of brush material which is surrounded by the outer binder.

2. The method of making a brush which consists in placing one end of a collection of bristles in an outer binder, inserting a tubular guide into the center of the mass of bristles from the tips thereofy toward the binder, at the same time spreading the bristles so that they lie outside of said guide, passing a tapered vpacker successively through the guide and the outer binder, so as to spread and pack the butts of the bristles against the outer binder, inserting an inner Vbinder in the space opened by said packer, and withdrawing the guide.

3. The method of Vforming a brush which consists in `placing one end ofa mass of brush material in an annular outer binder, inserting a tubular 'guide in the center of thatV portion of the brush material which projects from the'binder, at the same time spreading the material so that it surrounds the guide and leaves the interior of the guide open, placingl a clamp around ythe brush material and gripping the same against the guide, passing an inner binder through the guide and into the zone sur rounded by the outer binder, and finally removing the clamp and guide.

4. T he method of making a brush which consists in placing an annular binder or ferrule about the end of a mass of bristles, opening the center of that part of the mass projecting from said binder and inserting a tubular guide in the space thereby formed in the mass, forcing a tapered packer and an inner binder together through the guide and throughv that portion of the mass which is surroundedby the outer binder, removing the packer, and removing. the guide.

1n testimony whereof I have aflixed my i signature, in presence of two witnesses'.

DAVID S. RING.

Witnesses:

JOSEPH J. MURRAY, JAMES E. BLACK, Jr.

opies o1' this patent may be obtained for five cents each. by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. G." 

